Happy Birthday November 19

Charles I of England was born in Dunfermline Palace, Fife, on November 19, 1600, the second son of King James VI of Scotland and Anne of Denmark. When his older brother Henry died of typhoid in 1612, Charles became heir apparent and succeeded to the throne in 1625, An inflexible idealist, he believed the king rules by divine right, appointed by God, and rebellion against the monarchy was a sin. His attempts to force the Church of Scotland to adopt high Anglican practices helped precipitate his own downfall and Charles was executed at the end of the English Civil War.

Charles I. Portrait by Robert Peake, c. 1610

James A. Garfield, the 20th President of the United States, was born in Orange Township, now Moreland Hills, Ohio, on November 19, 1831. He graduated from Williams College in Williamstown, Massachusetts as an outstanding student who enjoyed all subjects except chemistry. Garfield could write Greek with one hand while simultaneously writing Latin with the other. He served nine consecutive terms in the House of Representatives representing Ohio's 19th district, but his presidency lasted only 200 days and ended with his assassination. 

Quentin Roosevelt, the youngest child of President Theodore Roosevelt, was born on November 19, 1897. Roosevelt joined the United States Army Air Service where he became a pursuit pilot during World War I. Extremely popular with his fellow pilots and known for being daring, he was killed in aerial combat over France on Bastille Day (July 14), 1918. 

Fashion designer Calvin Klein was born to an immigrant Jewish family in The Bronx, New York on November 19, 1942. He is one of several design leaders raised in the Jewish immigrant community in the Bronx, along with Robert Denning and Ralph Lauren. At first Klein specialized in designing coats and suits, before expanding into sportswear in the mid-1970s. Klein has left his mark with some industry firsts, including making utilitarian men's underwear sexy and the first unisex fragrance, CK One.

Jodie Foster was born in Los Angeles on November 19, 1962 as the youngest of four children of Brandy (née Almond) and Lucius Fisher Foster III. Jodie was a gifted child, and was reading by the time she was 3 and began her career as a child model at the same age. Foster first gained fame in 1976 when she starred in five feature films (including Taxi DriverBugsy Malone and Freaky Friday). She won Academy Awards for Best Actress for her performances in The Accused and Silence of the Lambs.

For more November 19th anniversaries, including the death of Franz Schubert, the marriage of Franklin Pierce to Jane Means Appleton, and the introduction of the Wii home video game console, check out OnThatDay.

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