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Friday 8 December 2017

September 11 attacks

The September 11 attacks were a series of four coordinated terrorist attacks by 19 members of the Islamic terrorist group al-Qaeda on the United States on the morning of Tuesday, September 11, 2001.

Two hijacked aircraft crashed into the World Trade Center in New York City, while a third smashed into The Pentagon in Arlington County, Virginia, and a fourth into a field near Shanksville, Pennsylvania.

The north face of World Trade Center immediately after being struck  By Robert 

MOTIVATION

The terrorists believed that they were Holy Warriors. Their absolute revulsion towards America caused them to believe that they were carrying out God's will. Many Americans had previously been unaware of the hatred many Moslems haves towards the decadent Christian Western world.

THE ATTACKS 

American Airlines Flight 11, a Boeing 767, was the first hijacked airplane of the September 11, 2001 attacks. It crashed into the North Tower of the World Trade Center.

Flight paths of the four planes used on September 11

The American Airlines airplane was scheduled to fly from Logan International Airport in Boston to Los Angeles International Airport. Fifteen minutes after takeoff, the hijackers forced their way into the cockpit. One of the hijackers was a trained pilot. He took the controls of the aircraft and flew it into the North Tower.

92 people died in the Flight 11 crash—five hijackers, 76 other passengers, and 11 crew members. The time of the crash was 08:46 Eastern Daylight Time.

The crash, and the fire that started right after the crash, made the North Tower collapse. The attack both killed and injured thousands of people.

The only clear footage of Flight 11 hitting the World Trade Center was filmed by French filmmakers who were making a documentary on a Manhattan firehouse.

United Airlines Flight 175 was also scheduled to fly from Boston to Los Angeles. The Boeing 767-200 operating the route was hijacked by five al-Qaeda terrorists and crashed into the South Tower of the World Trade Center 17 minutes after the American Airlines Flight 11 flew into the North Tower.

American Airlines Flight 77 was hijacked by Islam terrorists and flown into the western side of the Pentagon, killing 189 people.

The attack on the Pentagon took place exactly 60 years after its construction began.

It was the first significant foreign attack on Washington's governmental facilities since the city was burned by the British and Canadians during the War of 1812.

The Pentagon was damaged by fire and partly collapsed

The fourth plane, United Airlines Flight 93, was initially steered toward Washington, D.C., but crashed into a field, after its passengers tried to overcome the hijackers.

91,4 % of the 9/11 survivors put off evacuation to go to the bathroom or shut down computers before evacuating.

There was only one airplane allowed to fly in the US on 9/11 after the attacks. It was a flight from California to Florida that was carrying anti-venom for a man that was bitten by a venomous snake. The plane was accompanied by two fighter jets.

When the US Airspace was shutdown following the attacks, Canada took in 255 flights bound for the USA making this known as Operation Yellow Ribbon. There were over 30,000 people on all 200 flights. Many Canadians hosted the passengers at home for several days.

Many of the passenger planes were forced to land in Gander, Newfoundland. The community hosted 7,000 people until it was safe for them to re-enter America. The town has been awarded a piece of steel from the buildings to commemorate their efforts.

CASUALTIES 

The attacks killed 2,996 people directly. Another three have since died of causes related to smoke inhalation. Eleven unborn babies also died.

6,000 others were injured, and there was at least $10 billion worth of damage in infrastructure and property damage.

An injured victim of the Pentagon attack is evacuated

Works by Pablo Picasso and David Hockney were among the estimated $100 million of art lost in the attacks.

The first recorded casualty was Father Mychal Judge the Franciscan chaplain of the New York City Fire Department who was among the first on the scene at Ground Zero. While helping out and delivering last rites, he was struck on the head by falling debris.

Joseph Trombino was a Brinks security guard who, after being shot multiple times in the famed armored vehicle robbery of 1981, was almost killed in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing. He eventually lost his life during the 9/11 attacks while making a delivery in the North Tower.

Rather than try to save himself, computer programmer Abraham Zelmanowitz chose to stay in the tower and accompany his quadriplegic friend who had no way of getting out.

A guide dog, Roselle, led her blind owner and a woman blinded by debris from the World Trade Centre during the attacks of 9/11.

American financial services firm Cantor Fitzgerald lost 658 employees on 9/11; every employee that had reported for work that morning. The CEO, who was taking his child to that day, later distributed $180 million to the families and offered jobs to all children of the victims. 57 of those children were employed by Cantor Fitzgerald as of 2016.

The 911 jumpers' death certificates state the cause of death as "blunt trauma" due to homicide and not suicide. They didn't wanna kill themselves but were forced to.

Over 500,000 people were evacuated from Manhattan by boat on 9/11 in just nine hours, surpassing the 330,000 rescued at Dunkirk during World War II, making it the largest marine evacuation in history.

The TV show Big Brother had a policy of keeping the contestants in total information isolation. This included not informing the cast about the September 11 attacks. They had to change the policy after one of the cast's family members was lost at Ground Zero.

THE AFTERMATH

On the morning of September 12, 2001, the New York Times ran a headline: "America's Emergency Line: 9/11". That was the first use in print of the nine-eleven name by which the attacks became known. 911 is, of course, the emergency phone number in the US as well as the way Americans write the date of September 11.

The day after 9-11, Queen Elizabeth II broke a 200 year old tradition and ordered the US National Anthem to be played during the changing of the guards at Buckingham Palace. Its the only ever time a foreign anthem has ever been played at the palace.

The three days without civilian aircraft above the US following 9/11 provided useful data to climatologists about how climate is altered by the high altitude exhaust of planes.

Church and synagogue attendance in Manhattan rose in the week after 9/11 by 20 per cent compared to the same period the year before. However alcohol consumption increased by 25 per cent, tobacco by 10 per cent and marijuana consumption by 3.2 per cent.

It took firefighters 100 days to put out all the fires ignited by the 9/11 attacks in New York.  Every time a large chunk of debris was moved a rush of oxygen would severely intensify the flames.

The cost of cleaning up the 1.8 million tons of debris after 9/11 is estimated as $750 million.

The phrase 'Ground zero', used for the site of the World Trade Center, was originally used to refer to the site of the atomic bomb that exploded over Hiroshima in 1945.

A fireman looks up at the remains of the South Tower.

In 2002, a high school student 'inspired by 9/11' flew a stolen Cessna plane into the Bank of America building. He was the only casualty.

The September 11 terror attacks on the World Trade Center released a dust cloud of toxic asbestos fibers across Manhattan, with an estimated 410,000 people exposed. The death toll due to 9/11 continues to rise. Cases of "life-threatening illnesses such as mesothelioma and asbestosis" are being newly reported years after the incident. It is believed lung cancer and mesothelioma cases in the city will reach a peak in the year 2041.

In the immediate aftermath of the terrorist attacks, President George W. Bush proclaimed September 14, 2001, as a National Day of Prayer and Remembrance for the Victims of the Terrorist Attacks on September 11, 2001.

September 11 is now remembered as Patriot Day in the US in memory of those killed.

The staff of the 9/11 memorial place white roses on the names of any victims who would have been celebrating a birthday.

MEDIA

The New York Times researched and published biographies for every victim of 9/11 they could find.

In the 1999 movie The Matrix, Neo's passport expires on September 11, 2001.

Martin Scorsese ends his 2002 film Gangs of New York with a shot of the New York skyline including the World Trade Center Towers even though the shooting of the movie was finished after the buildings were destroyed in the terrorist attacks of September 11. Scorsese chose to end with that shot rather than continue with a skyline without the World Trade Center because the movie is supposed to be about the people who built New York not those who tried to destroy it.

Here are some songs inspired by the September 11 attacks.

Source Daily Express

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