Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder and first emperor of China's Ming dynasty, was born on October 21, 1328. Zhu Yuanzhang rose to command the force that conquered China and ended the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty, forcing the Mongols to retreat to the Central Asian steppes. Following his seizure of the Yuan capital, Khanbaliq (present-day Beijing), Zhu ascended the throne of
China on January 22, 1368. This initiated the Ming Dynasty rule over China that would last for three centuries.
The English romantic poet
Samuel Taylor Coleridge was born in the country town of Ottery St Mary, Devonshire, England on October 21, 1772. His father, the Reverend John Coleridge (1718–1781), was a well-respected vicar of the parish and headmaster of Henry VIII's Free Grammar School at Ottery. Coleridge wrote about 750 poems in total and is best remembered for
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner,
Kubla Khan and his poetry volume collaboration with William Wordsworth,
Lyrical Ballads.
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| Coleridge in 1795 |
Alfred Nobel, the founder of the Nobel Prize, was born on October 21, 1833. Nobel was a Swedish chemist and millionaire, who invented dynamite and established almost 100 arms factories. The Nobel Prizes came about when a brother of Nobel died and a French newspaper mistakenly printed Alfred's obituary under the headline: "The merchant of death is dead." Desperate to leave a positive legacy, he decided to bequeath his fortune to establish the Nobel Prizes "to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind”.
For more October 21st anniversaries, including the patenting of Portland cement, the first Japanese kamikaze attack and the publication of the Ernest Hemingway novel For Whom the Bell Tolls, check out OnThatDay.