Weather is the day-to-day variations of metrological and climatic conditions at a particular place.
Thales of Miletus, a Greek philosopher over 200 years before Aristotle, thought that weather was caused by the movement of stars and planets.
The first treatise on meteorology was written by Aristotle in 340BC.
A mini ice age gripped Europe between the mid-1400s and the mid-1800s. The coldest years were between 1645 and 1715.
On May 19, 1780 a combination of thick smoke, fog, and heavy cloud cover caused darkness to fall on parts of Canada and the New England area of the United States by noon.
US president Ulysses S. Grant signed on February 9, 1870 a joint resolution of Congress establishing the U.S. Weather Bureau (later renamed the National Weather Service).
Abbott Lawrence Rotch established the Blue Hill Meteorological Observatory in 1885, which maintains the longest-running meteorological record of any observation site in the United States.
The first use of the term “heatwave” for a period of hot weather was in New York in 1913.
Soviet meteorologist Pavel Molchanov launched in 1930 one of the world's first radiosondes, a device attached to weather balloons to measure various atmospheric parameters.
For 90 years, the highest temperature ever recorded in the shade was 57.8C (136F) in Al-ʿAzīzīyah, Libya, on September 13, 1922. In January 2012, the WMO decertified the 1922 record, citing persuasive evidence that it was a faulty reading recorded in error by an inexperienced observer.
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| Pixabay |
HISTORY
Thales of Miletus, a Greek philosopher over 200 years before Aristotle, thought that weather was caused by the movement of stars and planets.
The first treatise on meteorology was written by Aristotle in 340BC.
A mini ice age gripped Europe between the mid-1400s and the mid-1800s. The coldest years were between 1645 and 1715.
 |
| Winter landscape with iceskaters, c. 1608, Hendrick Avercamp |
On May 19, 1780 a combination of thick smoke, fog, and heavy cloud cover caused darkness to fall on parts of Canada and the New England area of the United States by noon.
US president Ulysses S. Grant signed on February 9, 1870 a joint resolution of Congress establishing the U.S. Weather Bureau (later renamed the National Weather Service).
Abbott Lawrence Rotch established the Blue Hill Meteorological Observatory in 1885, which maintains the longest-running meteorological record of any observation site in the United States.
The first use of the term “heatwave” for a period of hot weather was in New York in 1913.
Soviet meteorologist Pavel Molchanov launched in 1930 one of the world's first radiosondes, a device attached to weather balloons to measure various atmospheric parameters.
RECORDS
For 90 years, the highest temperature ever recorded in the shade was 57.8C (136F) in Al-ʿAzīzīyah, Libya, on September 13, 1922. In January 2012, the WMO decertified the 1922 record, citing persuasive evidence that it was a faulty reading recorded in error by an inexperienced observer.
With the 1913 record decertified, the highest established recorded temperature on Earth would be 54.0 °C (129.2 °F), also recorded in Death Valley, California on June 20, 2013, and in Mitribah, Kuwait on July 21, 2016.
The highest temperature ever recorded in the United Kingdom – 40.3 °C (104.5 °F) - was recorded at Coningsby, Lincolnshire on July 19, 2022. The record-breaking heat wave in the UK was caused by a combination of factors, including a high-pressure system that brought hot air from the Sahara Desert and a lack of cloud cover that allowed the sun to beat down on the ground.
The world's lowest temperature was recorded at Vostok Station, Antarctica on July 21, 1983 at -89.2 °C (-128.6 °F).
The lowest ever temperature in North America is −63.0 °C (−81.4 °F). It was measured at Snag, Yukon, Canada on February 3, 1947. This small village is located near the Alaska border, and it is known for its harsh climate.
A record high barometric pressure of 1085.6 hPa (32.06 inHg) was recorded at Tosontsengel, Khövsgöl Province, Mongolia on December 19, 2001. This incredible pressure reading, officially recognized by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), is a testament to the immense forces at play in our atmosphere. It occurred during a particularly strong Siberian High pressure system, characterized by sinking air, cold temperatures, and clear skies. These conditions combined to compress the air column over Tonsontsengel, leading to the record-breaking pressure measurement. For comparison, the average atmospheric pressure at sea level is around 1,013 hPa (29.92 inHg). So, the pressure recorded in Tonsontsengel was a whopping 7% higher than average!
The lowest recorded non-tornadic atmospheric pressure of 87.0 kPa (870 mbar or 25.69 inHg), occurred in the Western Pacific during Typhoon Tip on October 12, 1979.
The highest temperature ever recorded in the United Kingdom – 40.3 °C (104.5 °F) - was recorded at Coningsby, Lincolnshire on July 19, 2022. The record-breaking heat wave in the UK was caused by a combination of factors, including a high-pressure system that brought hot air from the Sahara Desert and a lack of cloud cover that allowed the sun to beat down on the ground.
The world's lowest temperature was recorded at Vostok Station, Antarctica on July 21, 1983 at -89.2 °C (-128.6 °F).
The lowest ever temperature in North America is −63.0 °C (−81.4 °F). It was measured at Snag, Yukon, Canada on February 3, 1947. This small village is located near the Alaska border, and it is known for its harsh climate.
A record high barometric pressure of 1085.6 hPa (32.06 inHg) was recorded at Tosontsengel, Khövsgöl Province, Mongolia on December 19, 2001. This incredible pressure reading, officially recognized by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), is a testament to the immense forces at play in our atmosphere. It occurred during a particularly strong Siberian High pressure system, characterized by sinking air, cold temperatures, and clear skies. These conditions combined to compress the air column over Tonsontsengel, leading to the record-breaking pressure measurement. For comparison, the average atmospheric pressure at sea level is around 1,013 hPa (29.92 inHg). So, the pressure recorded in Tonsontsengel was a whopping 7% higher than average!
The lowest recorded non-tornadic atmospheric pressure of 87.0 kPa (870 mbar or 25.69 inHg), occurred in the Western Pacific during Typhoon Tip on October 12, 1979.
Yuma, Arizona is the sunniest place in the world. It experiences an average of 4,015 hours of sunshine per year.
On May 3, 1999 the Bridge Creek–Moore tornado devastated southern portions of Oklahoma City. It was an extraordinarily powerful F5 tornado during which a Doppler on Wheels team measured the fastest winds recorded on Earth (301 ± 20 mph, or 484 ± 32 km/h) near Bridge Creek, Oklahoma.
The strongest planetary winds discovered so far are on the extrasolar planet HD 189733 b, which is thought to have easterly winds moving at more than 9,600 kilometres per hour (6,000 mph).
1 kilogram (2.2 lb) hailstones fell on the Gopalganj district of Bangladesh on April 14, 1986, killing 92. These are the heaviest hailstones ever recorded.
The patron saint against bad weather is St Medard who according to legend was once sheltered from the rain by a hovering eagle.
The patron saints for good weather are St Clare of Assisi and St Agricola of Avignon.
Changing another country's weather is considered a war crime under the Geneva Convention of 1976.
Every two to five years the sea water temperature rises in surface waters of the tropical Pacific Ocean. The event is called El Niño meaning "The Christ Child". Fishermen in South America named the unique weather after observing that it came around Christmas time.
Here is a list of songs with weather conditions in the title.
On May 3, 1999 the Bridge Creek–Moore tornado devastated southern portions of Oklahoma City. It was an extraordinarily powerful F5 tornado during which a Doppler on Wheels team measured the fastest winds recorded on Earth (301 ± 20 mph, or 484 ± 32 km/h) near Bridge Creek, Oklahoma.
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| Bridge Creek Tornado By Erin D. Maxwell |
The strongest planetary winds discovered so far are on the extrasolar planet HD 189733 b, which is thought to have easterly winds moving at more than 9,600 kilometres per hour (6,000 mph).
1 kilogram (2.2 lb) hailstones fell on the Gopalganj district of Bangladesh on April 14, 1986, killing 92. These are the heaviest hailstones ever recorded.
FUN WEATHER FACTS
The patron saint against bad weather is St Medard who according to legend was once sheltered from the rain by a hovering eagle.
The patron saints for good weather are St Clare of Assisi and St Agricola of Avignon.
Changing another country's weather is considered a war crime under the Geneva Convention of 1976.
Every two to five years the sea water temperature rises in surface waters of the tropical Pacific Ocean. The event is called El Niño meaning "The Christ Child". Fishermen in South America named the unique weather after observing that it came around Christmas time.
Here is a list of songs with weather conditions in the title.
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