On This Day February 1

Beyonce's February 1, 2017 photograph revealing that she is pregnant with twins was the ‘most-liked’ Instagram post of 2017. The artistic image of the pregnant singer holding her stomach, had the caption: “We would like to share our love and happiness. We have been blessed two times over. We are incredibly grateful that our family will be growing by two, and we thank you for your well wishes. – The Carters.”

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On This Day January 31

Scotch® Cellulose Tape, later renamed Cellophane Tape, was invented by a college dropout named Richard Drew from St  Paul, Minnesota. Drew worked for a small sandpaper company founded in 1902 called Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing, later known as 3M. It was first sold by 3M on January 31, 1930 and marketed as an attractive, moisture-proof way for grocers and bakers to seal packages.

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On This Day January 30

On January 30, 1948, Mahatma Gandhi was walking through a garden to a pergola on his way onto a prayer meeting at the Birla House Gardens, New Delhi. He was shot by a Hindu nationalist fanatic, Nathuram Godse at 5.13 pm. Gandhi was carried back to his couch in Biria House, where he was given a cup of milk which he couldn't drink. His famous last words were, "He Ram!" (O God!). He died 40 minutes later.

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On This Day January 29

Princess Victoria was 13 when she was given a King Charles spaniel called Dash. As Victoria was raised largely isolated from other children, her pet soon became a much loved companion. The Princess spent January 29, 1835 travelling from St. Leonard's back to Kensington Palace. She wrote in her diary that "Dear Dashy was in our carriage and behaved like a darling." The first thing the newly crowned Queen Victoria did after coronation was to give her beloved pet his usual bath.

Portrait of Victoria with her spaniel Dash by George Hayter, 1833

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On This Day January 28

Choudhry Rahmat Ali published a pamphlet entitled Now or Never; Are We to Live or Perish Forever? on January 28, 1933 while a student at Cambridge University's Emmanuel College. In it he called for the creation of a Muslim state in northwest India that the young student termed "Pakstan" (without the letter "i"). “Pak” means spiritually pure in Urdu and “Stan” means land. The name was adopted by the Indian Muslims for their Pakistan Movement seeking independence. The picture below shows Chaudhry Rehmat Ali as a Cambridge University student.

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On This Day January 27

The 21-year-old Elvis Presley created a sensation with his rock 'n' roll-styled "Heartbreak Hotel," the first of his 14 records in a row that sold more than a million copies each. Released on January 27, 1956, it climbed to the top of the pop chart reaching #1 in April and spending eight weeks at the summit. The success of "Heartbreak Hotel" began Elvis' period as the most famous American musician and teen idol.

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On This Day January 26

The world's largest diamond ever, the Cullinan was found on January 26, 1905 at the Premier Mine near Pretoria in South Africa during a routine inspection by the mine's superintendent. It weighed 1.33 pounds.  In 1907, the Transvaal Colony government bought the Cullinan and then presented it to Edward VII, King of the UK, sending it by ordinary registered mail. Edward VII exclaimed on seeing it: "I should have kicked it aside as a lump of glass if I had seen it on the road."

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On This Day January 25

Nike was founded on January 25, 1964 by University of Oregon track athlete Phil Knight and his celebrated track and field coach Bill Bowerman. They were originally known as Blue Ribbon Sports and operated as a distributor for Japanese shoe maker Onitsuka Tiger (now ASICS), In 1971 Blue Ribbon decided it wanted a name change. They decided on their new name in honor of Nike, the Greek goddess of victory, either in war or in an athletic contest.

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On This Day January 24

On January 15, 1965, Sir Winston Churchill suffered a stroke — a severe cerebral thrombosis — that left him gravely ill. He died nine days later, on January 24, 1965, 70 years to the day of his father's death. His daughter Mary wrote to him on his death bed. "I owe you what every Englishman, woman and child owes you - liberty itself."

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On This Day January 23

In 1948 a young American just out of the army, Walter Frederick Morrison, applied for a patent for a plastic flying disc. It is said the idea originated when Morrison and his wife began flinging pie tins to one another on the beach. On January 23, 1957 Morrison sold the rights to his flying disc to the Wham-O toy company, (inventors of the hula- hoop). Called at first the “Toy Flying Saucer”, they changed its name to the Frisbee disc.

Walter Frederick Morrison promoting his Pluto Platters, forerunner of the Frisbee.

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On This Day January 22

The Apple Macintosh, the first consumer computer to popularize the computer mouse and the graphical user interface, was introduced during Super Bowl XVIII on January 22, 1984 with its famous "1984" television commercial. Inside the beige plastic enclosure of every 128K Macintosh – the first model sold – were engraved signatures from everyone on the Apple Mac team, including Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak.

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On This Day January 21

Louis XVI of France was guillotined on January 21, 1793 during the French Revolution. As he mounted the scaffold, the former French king appeared dignified and resigned. He delivered a short speech in which he prayed, "I trust that my death will be for the happiness of my people, but I grieve for France, and I fear that she may suffer the anger of the Lord," but his speech was drowned out by a roll of drums.

Execution of Louis XVI – copperplate engraving 1793

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On This Day January 20

King Richard II married Anne of Bohemia in Westminster Abbey on January 20, 1382. It was the fifth royal wedding in the Abbey and was not followed by any other royal wedding in Westminster Abbey for another 537 years. Tournaments were held for several days after the ceremony, in celebration. Richard and Anne then made a tour of the realm, staying at many major abbeys along the way. Richard II had to pawn the Crown Jewels to pay for the wedding.

Anne and Richard's coronation in the Liber Regalis

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