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Sunday 8 December 2013

Cancer

We use the word cancer for the  group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth because Hippocrates thought the tumors looked like crabs.

In 1775 the senior surgeon at St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, Percivall Pott, suggested that environmental factors were the cause of cancer. He pointed out that many males who had been chimney sweeps while boys later suffered from testicular cancer. He connected this with irritation caused by soot, and thus identified the first cancer-causing occupation.

In 1893 President Grover Cleveland underwent secret, successful surgery to remove a large, cancerous portion of his jaw. The operation wasn't revealed to the US public until 1917, nine years after the president's death.

The British singer Gracie Fields suffered from cancer of the cervix in 1939 and nearly died, but it went into remission following an operation. She received over 250,000 "get-well" cards.

Baseball star Babe Ruth was one of the first cancer patients to receive radiation and chemotherapy treatment simultaneously.

Former child movie star Shirley Temple had breast cancer in the early 1970s and had a mastectomy. At the time it was common for doctors not to tell women their diagnosis and to initiate mastectomy without their knowledge or consent because they were thought unable to deal with the news of their affliction. When Temple announced the results of the operation on radio and television and in a February 1973 article for the magazine McCall's she was the very first celebrity to publicly talk about her breast cancer.

Bob Marley died of cancer on May 11, 1981. It originated from a football injury to his big toe, which didn’t heal properly. The wound eventually became malignant but tragically the reggae star's Rastafarian beliefs prevented him from having the toe amputated and the cancer spread throughout his body.

Below is an engraving with two views of Clara Jacobi, a Dutch woman who had a tumor removed from her neck in 1689.

Wikipedia

February 4 is World Cancer Day,  an international day marked to raise awareness of cancer and to encourage its prevention, detection, and treatment.

Each year globally, about 10 million people die from cancer. That’s more than HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis combined.

World-wide, one in every eight deaths is due to cancer.

Tall people are at greater risk of cancer because they have more cells and for every 10 cm (4 inches) of height within the typical range for humans the risk increases by about 10%.

A man is 35% more likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer than a woman is to be diagnosed with breast cancer.

Lung cancer kills more women than breast, ovarian, and uterine cancer combined.

Commercial flight attendants and pilots are four times more likely to get cancer in their lifetime, because of the time they spend flying, with a thinner atmosphere and more solar particles. They receive three times more radiation a year than a nuclear plant employee

Tobacco contains over 50 chemicals that can cause cancer.

The actor Yul Brynner died of lung cancer in 1985. After his death, he had a commercial aired: "Now that I'm gone, I tell you: 'Don't smoke, whatever you do, just don't smoke.'"

Every three minutes a woman is diagnosed with breast cancer.

Heart cancer is not as common as other kinds of cancer because heart cells do not often undergo cell division, which reduces the chances of mutations that might ultimately lead to cancer.

Your immune system destroys at least one cell every day that would have become cancer if it lived.

Copperhead venom (one of the most venomous snakes in the US) contains a protein that stops cancer cells from replicating.

The incidence of cancer among strict Mormons in Utah is only about half that among Americans in general.

One group, the Hunza in Northwest Kashmir, reportedly have not experienced cancer. The group is also said to have unusual longevity.

It has been reported in the UK medical journal The Lancet that some dogs are able to sniff out skin cancer.

Elephants rarely get cancer because they have 40 copies of genes that code for the tumor suppressor protein p53—humans have two.

Scientists believe sharks and rays are the only animals that never get cancer because they have cartilage not bones.

A study conducted at the University of Southern Queensland in Australia found that facial hair can prevent skin cancer against 90 to 95 percent of harmful UV rays.

There's a service called "Cleaning for a Reason" in the U.S. and Canada that cleans the houses of women with cancer for free so they can focus on their health.

Source  Greatfacts.com

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